The world's first self-developed full-stack low-temperature measurement and control platform, this upstream quantum enterprise has raised tens of millions of yuan in angel round financing | 36Kr Exclusive

Source / Enterprise

This article is about 2900 words, with a recommended reading time of 7 minutes

Author | OU Xue

Editor | YUAN Silai

36Kr has learned that Hangzhou Quantum Domain Core Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Quantum Domain Core") has recently completed tens of millions of yuan in angel round financing. This round is led by Jinyu Maowu, followed by institutions including Hangzhou High-tech Investment, Oufang Angel, Guoxin Tonglian, and Hainan Gaodi. The funds will be mainly used for the R&D and iteration of three core products: high-cooling-capacity low-vibration wet dilution refrigerator, cryogenic measurement and control chip, and cryogenic flexible ribbon cable.

Founded in June 2026, Quantum Domain Core is positioned as a provider of full-stack cryogenic measurement and control platforms for new-generation thousand-level and ten-thousand-level quantum bits.

The company's founding team comes from top scientific research institutions and industry leaders such as Zhejiang University, Tsinghua University, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Fudan University, and ShanghaiTech University. Founder and CEO Yin Chenghou has a background in cryogenics from Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Zhejiang University, and has worked for many years at China Shipbuilding Industry Pengli Cryogenics, a leading enterprise in the cryogenic industry. Co-founder and CTO Feng Yang holds a bachelor's, master's and doctorate degree from Tsinghua University, and completed his postdoctoral research at Fudan University under the supervision of Professor Wang Yayu. As a core member, he participated in national major scientific research projects led by Academician Xue Qikun, Professor Wang Yayu and Professor He Ke. Dr. Gao Jinlin, President of CAS Fuhai, one of the initiating shareholders, concurrently serves as the Chairman of the company, providing top-level design and strategic guidance for the company's development direction and governance system.

At present, superconducting quantum computing is widely recognized as one of the most technically mature and fastest industrializing technical routes. Superconducting quantum computer manufacturers at home and abroad are all deploying or pre-researching thousand-qubit level complete machine systems.

However, the leap from hundreds of qubits to thousands of qubits faces three hardware bottlenecks: First, the cooling capacity of dry dilution refrigerators is close to the limit, and a single unit can only support the cooling of more than 100 qubits. If multiple units are connected in parallel, the vibration will increase and the measurement fidelity will decrease. Second, the increase in the number of qubits leads to a nearly linear growth in the number of cryogenic coaxial cables, resulting in a wiring bottleneck. Third, the current room-temperature measurement and control system has many instruments, low integration, long microwave signal links, high cost, and complex debugging.

The core idea of Quantum Domain Core is to develop a full-stack cryogenic measurement and control platform to replace the current mainstream room-temperature measurement and control architecture. This full-stack cryogenic measurement and control platform consists of three products: high-cooling-capacity low-vibration wet dilution refrigerator, cryogenic measurement and control chip, and cryogenic flexible ribbon cable.

36Kr has learned that in terms of product progress, the cryogenic flexible ribbon cable is currently the fastest in development. The demo has been completed and is under testing and verification. It is expected to be launched to the market from March to April 2027. Its core value is to increase the wiring density by 8-10 times, reduce heat loss by more than half, directly replace imported semi-rigid cryogenic coaxial cables in the temperature range below 4K, and be compatible with existing room-temperature measurement and control architectures and dry dilution refrigerators.

The overall design scheme of the wet dilution refrigerator has been completed, with a target cooling capacity of 5mW@100mK or 120μW@20mK. If the test and verification are completed in the third quarter of next year, it will become the dilution refrigerator with the largest cooling capacity in the world, and the mechanical vibration will be reduced from the 100nm level of dry dilution refrigerators to the 10nm level, which can support the cooling demand of thousands to tens of thousands of qubits. The company has abandoned the current mainstream idea of parallel pre-cooling of pulse tube refrigerators, and instead introduced a 4K liquid helium chamber, which can provide a cooling capacity of 100-500W@4.2K, dozens of times that of the existing dry dilution refrigerator solutions.

The purpose of the 4K cryogenic measurement and control chip is to integrate most of the functions of the room-temperature measurement and control instrument into the chip, which is placed in a 4.2K (-269°C) low-temperature environment to directly manipulate qubits. It is expected to complete the first tape-out and conduct test and verification in the fourth quarter of 2027. The three products will eventually be integrated into a full-stack cryogenic measurement and control system, and it is planned to be officially finalized and launched to the market in the first quarter of 2028. At that time, the company will provide full-stack services for downstream quantum computer manufacturers, who only need to focus on the field they are best at: the R&D and iteration of superconducting quantum chips.

At present, the company has signed cooperation agreements with several leading superconducting quantum computing manufacturers, and the products will enter the testing and procurement process after launch.

From the perspective of long-term planning, Quantum Domain Core takes the upstream measurement and control hardware of superconducting quantum computing as the entry point, and gradually expands to the measurement and control platforms of multiple quantum computing routes such as ion trap, neutral atom, and silicon-based, and finally upgrades from a quantum computing equipment supplier to an infrastructure service provider for computing power centers. Yin Chenghou judges that quantum computers will eventually integrate with GPU computing power centers to form a quantum-supercomputing integrated computing center, and both the quantum measurement and control system and the liquid cooling heat dissipation of GPUs point to cryogenic heat transfer and ultra-low temperature engineering at the underlying technical level.

The following is an excerpt of the dialogue between 36Kr and Yin Chenghou, Founder and CEO of the company (edited):

36Kr: What is the essential difference between your products and the mainstream products in the current industry?

Yin Chenghou: The current mainstream in the industry is the room-temperature measurement and control architecture, where the measurement and control instruments are at room temperature, and signals are transmitted to the chips through multiple sections of coaxial cables. This solution can support more than 100 qubits, but when it comes to more than 1000 qubits, the number of cables, cooling capacity, space and fidelity all face bottlenecks. The cryogenic measurement and control platform we developed moves the measurement and control functions down to the 4K temperature zone, and uses chips to replace most of the room-temperature instruments.

Most peers make breakthroughs at a single point, some make coaxial cables, some make dry dilution refrigerators, and some make room-temperature measurement and control systems; we connect the three products and integrate them into a full-stack platform. What customers get is a single instrument, not a bunch of scattered parts, which is a qualitative improvement in the engineering efficiency of downstream complete machine manufacturers.

More importantly, our cryogenic measurement and control platform can increase the qubit measurement fidelity from the current 99.9% to 99.99%, while supporting the expansion from more than 100 qubits to thousands or even tens of thousands of qubits. Some companies connect multiple dry dilution refrigerators in parallel, unilaterally pursuing larger cooling capacity but ignoring the accompanying increase in vibration and noise, which leads to a significant drop in measurement fidelity. The increase in cooling capacity and the decrease in measurement fidelity offset each other, which is essentially meaningless. We solve these two problems simultaneously from the underlying level of the measurement and control architecture.

36Kr: You position yourself as an upstream equipment vendor, but will you extend to the complete machine business in the future?

Yin Chenghou: No. From the preparation in September last year to the official operation now, the team has repeatedly discussed and evaluated the original intention, vision and positioning of the company. The conclusion is clear: we only focus on the upstream, do not touch the complete machine business; we only sell shovels, not do mining.

Superconducting quantum chips are not the field our team is good at. What we are good at is cryogenics, vacuum, measurement and control, and system integration. It is more important to focus on what we want to do, can do and are good at than to want to do everything. Besides, some leading superconducting computing complete machine enterprises were forced to do full-stack self-research in the early stage due to the blank and extremely imperfect quantum computing industrial chain, and had to do everything by themselves. But today, most superconducting computing complete machine enterprises have also begun to cooperate with third-party professional companies. They are more willing to focus on making the superconducting quantum chips they are best at better and more refined, and integrate them into a complete superconducting quantum computer that can be truly computed and commercialized. Industrial chain division of labor is an inevitable trend, and professionals do professional things.

36Kr: How do you view the current market size?

Yin Chenghou: Although quantum computing is in the embryonic stage of the industry, the current market size is actually not small. The global market for dilution refrigerators, measurement and control systems and coaxial cables related to superconducting quantum computing has exceeded 100 billion yuan, and the compound annual growth rate in the next ten years will be between 30% and 40%. The full-stack cryogenic measurement and control system we developed accounts for 60-70% of the complete machine cost, and the market space is real with huge potential.

More importantly, we take superconductivity as the entry point, and the underlying cryogenic, vacuum and measurement and control technologies can be horizontally extended to other routes such as silicon-based, topological, ion trap, and photonic quantum. No matter which route wins in the end, we can provide upstream measurement and control hardware. The ceiling of this market is high enough, and it is completely no problem to support a revenue scale of tens of billions of yuan.

Investor View:

Jinyu Maowu: Global superconducting quantum computing is at a critical threshold of leaping from "Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum" (NISQ) to "Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing" (FTQC). Large-scale engineering expansion is the core barrier that the industry urgently needs to overcome. The traditional dry dilution refrigerator paired with a room-temperature measurement and control system has significant limitations in cooling capacity, wiring space and noise control, which restricts the iterative upgrade of qubit scale.

Quantum Domain Core accurately targets the pain points of the industry, and pioneered the integrated hardware architecture of "wet dilution refrigerator + 4K cryogenic measurement and control chip + flexible coaxial cable", which is a breakthrough solution with both forward-looking and engineering implementation capabilities. Relying on high-cooling-capacity wet refrigeration technology, combined with 4K temperature zone Cryo-CMOS chip on-site measurement and control, it fundamentally solves the "wiring wall" and thermal load problems of scaling up to thousands or tens of thousands of qubits.

We believe that as a key "shovel seller" in the superconducting quantum track, Quantum Domain Core's full-stack hardware base can significantly shorten the R&D cycle of complete machine manufacturers and reduce development costs, which is expected to accelerate the global superconducting quantum computing to move towards large-scale commercial application.